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Dog Sensory Issues: Signs, Diagnosis, and Holistic Care

Writer's picture: Dr. GaffudDr. Gaffud

A blind dog with a ball on the beach

Dogs rely heavily on their senses to navigate the world around them. Their ability to see, hear, smell, taste, and touch allows them to understand and interact with their environment.


However, some dogs experience sensory issues, which significantly impact their quality of life. This article delves into the signs, diagnosis, and holistic care options for dog sensory issues, helping pet owners better understand and support their furry friends.


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What are Dog Sensory Issues?


A dog sitting on a floor for a photo

Dog sensory issues refer to any impairment or abnormality in one or more of a dog's senses. These issues affect sight, hearing, smell, taste, or touch and range from mild to severe.


Sensory issues in dogs are congenital (present at birth) or acquired due to injury, illness, or aging. When a dog experiences sensory issues, it struggles to interpret sensory information, leading to confusion, anxiety, and changes in behavior.


What are the Most Common Dog Sensory Issues?

A dog sniffing the snow

Some of the most common sensory issues in dogs include:


  • Hearing Loss: This is partial or complete and results from congenital conditions, chronic ear infections, or aging.

  • Vision Impairment: Dogs suffer from cataracts, glaucoma, or retinal degeneration, leading to partial or complete blindness.

  • Loss of Smell: While less common, some dogs experience a reduced ability to smell, impacting their ability to interact with their environment.

  • Touch Sensitivity: Some dogs develop an exaggerated response to touch, which is due to neurological issues or previous trauma.


What are the Causes of Dog Sensory Issues?

A dog with only one functionable eye

The causes of sensory issues in dogs vary widely.


  • Genetic Factors: Certain breeds are predisposed to sensory issues due to inherited conditions. For example, Border Collies are prone to sensory neuropathy, a genetic disorder affecting their nerve function.

  • Neurological Disorders: Conditions like peripheral neuropathy, which affect the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, lead to sensory dysfunction.

  • Infections and Injuries: Ear infections, head injuries, or exposure to toxic substances impair a dog's senses.

  • Aging: As dogs age, their sensory functions naturally decline, leading to reduced hearing, vision, and smell.


What are the Signs of Dog Sensory Issues?

A dog not eating its food

Signs of sensory issues in dogs are subtle or pronounced, depending on the severity of the impairment. Common signs are listed below.


  • Changes in Behavior: A dog becomes more anxious, aggressive, or withdrawn.

  • Disorientation: Dogs with sensory issues appear confused or lost, especially in unfamiliar environments.

  • Difficulty Responding to Commands: Dogs do not respond to verbal commands or visual cues, which indicate hearing or vision loss.

  • Changes in Eating Habits: Dogs that lose their sense of smell become less interested in food.

  • Increased Startle Reflex: A dog with touch sensitivity reacts strongly to being touched or groomed.


Do Dogs Eat Less as They Age?


Yes, older dogs eat less due to a reduced sense of smell, dental problems, or a decrease in metabolism. It's important to monitor a senior dog's eating habits and consult a veterinarian if there are significant changes.


How are Dog Sensory Issues Diagnosed?


Diagnosing sensory issues in dogs typically involves a combination of physical examinations, behavioral assessments, and diagnostic tests. Veterinarians conduct several tests.


  • Neurological Exams: To assess the dog's reflexes, coordination, and sensory responses.

  • Hearing and Vision Tests: Specialized tests determine the extent of hearing or vision loss.

  • Genetic Testing: For breeds prone to genetic sensory disorders, DNA tests help identify specific conditions.


Are Sensory Issues 'Fixable'?


While some sensory issues are managed or improved with treatment, others are not "fixable." The focus should be on enhancing the dog's quality of life through appropriate care, environmental modifications, and supportive therapies.


Holistic Care for Dog Sensory Issues

A dog being trained by its owner

Holistic care focuses on supporting the overall well-being of dogs with sensory issues. 

  • Environmental Modifications: Creating a safe and predictable environment helps reduce anxiety in dogs with sensory impairments.

  • Nutritional Support: A balanced diet rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids supports neurological health.

  • Alternative Therapies: Techniques such as acupuncture, massage, and aromatherapy help manage pain and improve a dog's quality of life.

  • Behavioral Training: Positive reinforcement training helps dogs adapt to their sensory limitations and reduce stress.


Frequently Asked Questions

A dog with eye glasses lying on the bed

Do Dogs Lose Their Sense of Smell?

Yes, dogs lose their sense of smell, although this is relatively rare compared to other sensory issues. Loss of smell, or anosmia, occurs due to nasal problems, neurological disorders, or head trauma. In some cases, it is also a symptom of an underlying health condition such as autoimmune disease.


How To Help A Dog with Sensory Overload?

Sensory overload occurs when a dog is overwhelmed by excessive sensory stimuli, such as loud noises or strong odors. To help a dog experiencing sensory overload create a calm environment, use calming aids, and provide comfort.


Do Sensory Issues Go Away?

Whether sensory issues are resolved depends on the cause and severity. Temporary sensory impairments due to infections or injuries improve with treatment. However, congenital or age-related sensory issues are often permanent but are managed with appropriate care.


How Aging Affects a Dog's Senses?

As dogs age, their senses naturally decline. Hearing and vision loss are common in senior dogs, as well as a reduced sense of smell. This sensory decline affects a dog's ability to navigate their environment and respond to stimuli.


Is Touch Sensitivity in Dogs A Sensory Issue?

Yes, touch sensitivity is a sensory issue in dogs. It results from nerve damage, past trauma, or a neurological disorder. Dogs with touch sensitivity react strongly to being touched, groomed, or handled, indicating discomfort or pain.


Understanding sensory issues in dogs is crucial for providing them with the best possible care. By recognizing the signs, seeking an appropriate diagnosis, and exploring holistic care options, pet owners help their dogs lead comfortable and fulfilling lives despite sensory impairments.


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